REVIEW: PENDEKATAN TERAPI MOLEKULER PADA KANKER PAYUDARA TERHADAP PERAN EVEROLIMUS DAN TEMSIROLIMUS SEBAGAI PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITORS JALUR PI3K/AKT/MTOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36387/jifi.v8i1.2508Kata Kunci:
Kanker payudara, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Everolimus, Temsirolimus, Resistensi terapiAbstrak
Pendahuluan: Kanker payudara merupakan penyebab utama kematian akibat keganasan pada wanita secara global, dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat. Jalur PI3K/AKT/mTOR memegang peran penting dalam regulasi proliferasi, metabolisme, angiogenesis, dan kelangsungan hidup sel. Aberasi genetik seperti mutasi PIK3CA dan kehilangan fungsi PTEN sering dikaitkan dengan perkembangan kanker payudara dan resistensi terapi hormonal. Tujuan: Review artikel ini bertujuan mengulas peran protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs), khususnya Everolimus dan Temsirolimus, yang menargetkan jalur PI3K/AKT/mTOR dalam terapi kanker payudara, mencakup mekanisme kerja, efektivitas terapeutik, dan tantangan klinis. Metode: Kajian ini merupakan tinjauan literatur sistematik terhadap publikasi ilmiah nasional dan internasional selama 2015–2025, yang membahas aspek farmakologis, molekuler, dan klinis penggunaan Everolimus dan Temsirolimus. Hasil: Everolimus menunjukkan efektivitas dalam kanker payudara ER-positif resisten hormon, sering dikombinasikan dengan terapi endokrin. Temsirolimus, meskipun lebih umum digunakan untuk kanker ginjal, memiliki potensi dalam terapi kanker payudara. Tantangan mencakup resistensi, efek samping toksik, serta kurangnya biomarker prediktif. Kesimpulan: Everolimus dan Temsirolimus sebagai inhibitor mTOR menawarkan pendekatan terapi menjanjikan melalui penghambatan jalur PI3K/AKT/mTOR dalam penanganan kanker payudara.
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