AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN PROFIL FITOKIMIA EKTRAK ETANOL BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36387/jifi.v8i2.2790Keywords:
Antioxidants, Dayak Onion, Phytochemicals, Thin Layer ChromatographyAbstract
Excessive free radicals (Reactive Oxygen Species/ROS) can trigger oxidative stress, which contributes to various degenerative diseases. Antioxidants from natural ingredients, such as Dayak onion (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.), are known to contain flavonoid and phenolic secondary metabolites that have the potential to ward off free radicals. Dayak onion bulbs were extracted with 96% ethanol, then analyzed for flavonoid and phenolic content using phytochemical analysis and confirmed with TLC using quercetin and gallic acid. Antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH method. Ethanol extract of Dayak onion contains flavonoids and phenolics based on TLC results showing a flavonoid Rf value of 0.93 (close to quercetin 0.86) and phenolic Rf value of 0.93 (different from gallic acid 0.37). Antioxidant activity testing yielded an IC₅₀ value of 106.18 ppm (moderate category), while quercetin had an IC₅₀ of 9.94 ppm (very strong category). Ethanol extract of Dayak onion was found to contain flavonoids and phenolics detected through phytochemical and TLC tests, and had moderate antioxidant activity based on the DPPH test. These findings support the potential of Dayak onion as a natural source of antioxidants for the prevention of oxidative stress.
References
1. Binuni R, Maarisit W, Hariyadi, Saroinsong Y. Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Mangrove Sonneratia Alba. Jurnal Biofarmasetikal Tropis. 2020;3(1):79–85.
2. Prasetyaningsih N, Hartanti Md, Bella I. Radikal Bebas Sebagai Faktor Risiko Penyakit Katarak Terkait Umur. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Karya Ilmiah Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Trisakti. 2022 Dec 31;8(1):1–7.
3. Alkadi H. A Review On Free Radicals And Antioxidants. Infect Disord Drug Targets. 2020 Feb 14;20(1):16–26.
4. Iga Maharani A, Riskierdi F, Febriani I, Alsyah Kurnia K, Aulia Rahman N, Fadila Ilahi N, Et Al. Peran Antioksidan Alami Berbahan Dasar Pangan Lokal Dalam Mencegah Efek Radikal Bebas. Prosiding Semnas Bio. 2021;390–9.
5. Mokoginta R V, Simbala Hei, Mansauda Klr. Antioxidant Activity Test Of Ethanol Extracts Dayak Onion Bulbs (Eleutherine Americana Merr) With Dpph Method (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl). Pharmacon– Program Studi Farmasi, Fmipa, Universitas Sam Ratulangi. 2020 Aug;9(3):451–7.
6. Aprianti I. Potential Of Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine Bulbosa) As A Source Of Antioxidants: Literature Review. Jpop. 2025;2(2):77–85.
7. Haerani A, Chaerunisa Ay, Subarnas A. Antioxidant Activities Of Muntingia Calabura, Syzygium Cumini, Ocimum Basilicum, And Eleutherine Bulbosa Using Dpph Method. Indonesian Journal Of Pharmaceutics. 2019 May 25;1(2):57–61.
8. Kurnia Sari N, Erika Herawati I, Dewi L, Inayah I. Penentuan Profil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis, Kadar Fenolik Total, Dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Dari Ekstrak Daun Gedi (Abelmochus Manihot L.). Journal Of Pharmacopolium. 2023;6(3):1–10.
9. Pramiastuti O, Solikhati Devi Ika K, Suryani A. Aktivitas Antioksidan Fraksi Umbi Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine Bulbosa (Mill.) Urb) Dengan Metode Dpph (1,1-Difenil-2-Pikrilhidrazil) Antioxidant Activity Of Fractions Dayak Onion Bulbs (Eleutherine Bulbosa (Mill.) Urb) By Dpph(1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhidrazil) Method. Jurnal Wiyata . 2021;8(1):55–66.
10. Susiani Ef, Saputri R, Wati H, Mahmudah F, Vebruati. Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol Daun Tandui (Mangifera Rufocostata K.) Menggunakan Metode Dpph. Borneo Journal Of Pharmascientech. 2024;08(01):90–7.
11. Damanis Fvm, Wewengkang Ds, Antasionasti I. Antioxidant Activity Test Of Ethanol Extracts Of Ascidian Herdmania Momus Using Dpph Method (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl). Pharmacon– Program Studi Farmasi. 2020;9(3):464–9.
12. Anton N, Yudistira A, Siampa Jainer Pasca. Antioxidant Activity Test Of Ethanol Extracts Of Sponge Ianthella Basta From Tumbak Village Waters Pusomaen District Southeast Regency. Pharmacon– Program Studi Farmasi . 2021;10(1):713–9.
13. Agustiarini V, Wijaya Dp. Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol-Air (1:1) Bunga Rosella (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) Dengan Metode Dpph (1,1-Difenil-2-Pikrilhidrazil). Jurnal Penelitian Sains. 2022 May 30;24(1):29–32.
14. Maryam F, Utami Yp, Mus S, Rohana R. Perbandingan Beberapa Metode Ekstraksi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sawo Duren (Chrysophyllum Cainito L.) Terhadap Kadar Flavanoid Total Menggunakan Metode Spektrofotometri Uv-Vis. Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia. 2023;9(1):132–8.
15. Sahila D, Muliasari H, Permatasari L, Mukhlishah Nri. Penentuan Kadar Fenolik Total Ekstrak Dan Fraksi-Fraksi Daun Kepundung (Baccaurea Racemosa). Template Penulisan Manuskrip Indonesia Natural Research Pharmaceutical Journal Original Research. 2023;
16. Haerani A, Chaerunisa Ay, Subarnas A. Antioxidant Activities Of Muntingia Calabura, Syzygium Cumini, Ocimum Basilicum, And Eleutherine Bulbosa Using Dpph Method. Indonesian Journal Of Pharmaceutics. 2019 May 25;1(2).
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Insan Farmasi Indonesia

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.